What You Should Know About the Most Common Causes of Infertility

Infertility happens when a couple cannot get pregnant after a year of actively trying to conceive. For women over 35, this period shortens to six months. Knowing the reasons behind infertility can help guide couples hoping to get pregnant into the next steps. It can also open doors to treatment options and support.

Why Women May Struggle to Conceive

Women may struggle to conceive for a variety of medical and hormonal reasons. One of the most common issues is ovulation problems, such as those caused by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or early menopause. These conditions can prevent the regular release of eggs, which is necessary for fertilization. Hormonal imbalances further complicate the process by disrupting the body’s reproductive cycle.

Structural issues can also play a significant role in infertility. Blocked fallopian tubes, often caused by infections, endometriosis, or previous surgeries, prevent the sperm and egg from meeting. Endometriosis, in particular, can damage reproductive organs and reduce the likelihood of a successful pregnancy.

What Affects Male Fertility

Male fertility is influenced by several factors, including lifestyle choices like diet, exercise, and stress levels. Smoking, alcohol consumption, and drug use can lower sperm quality, making conception more challenging. Environmental toxins, such as pesticides and heavy metals, may also harm sperm production and motility.

Age is another significant factor affecting male fertility, as sperm quality tends to decline with increasing age. Men over 40 may experience a decrease in sperm count and motility, which can impact their chances of conception. Certain medical treatments, like chemotherapy or radiation, can negatively affect sperm production.

Shared Risks That Lower Fertility

Both men and women can experience fertility challenges due to their daily habits. Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and poor nutrition all contribute to a decline in reproductive health. Additionally, a lack of sleep and regular exercise can further exacerbate these issues, making it harder to maintain a healthy reproductive system.

Chronic health conditions such as diabetes and obesity can also disrupt hormone levels, affecting both ovulation and sperm production. Stress is another factor that impacts reproductive health by disrupting hormone balance, which can lower fertility. Additionally, the pressure to conceive often increases stress levels, creating a cycle that may be difficult to break.

Seek Help Early for Infertility Concerns

If you’ve been trying to conceive for over a year without success, you should seek medical advice. For women over the age of 35, it’s recommended to consult a doctor after six months of unsuccessful attempts. Fertility concerns can arise from a variety of factors, and getting an early assessment can help identify any underlying issues. Early intervention often leads to better outcomes, as there are more treatment options available when addressed sooner.

Men should also be proactive in checking their fertility, as male infertility can contribute to difficulties in conception. It’s not just a concern for women, and both partners can benefit from seeking guidance together. Consulting a specialist can offer peace of mind and open up possibilities for treatment, whether it’s medication, assisted reproductive technologies, or lifestyle changes.